Anaerobic codigestion of catering food waste utilizing. It is a common invasive species in india, australia, and parts of africa. Distribution and spread of parthenium weed parthenium. This weed is a valuable source of potash, oxalic acids and highquality protein hqp which can be used in animal feed. Large image for parthenium hysterophorus santa maria. Heads obscurely radiate, borne in open, paniculiform arrays. Parthenium hysterophorus is an annual herb that aggressively colonizes disturbed sites. Media in category parthenium hysterophorus the following 47 files are in this category, out of 47 total. Buried seeds have been found to last much longer than seed on the soil surface, and a significant proportion can still germinate after eight to ten years. Parthenium hysterophorus is a species of flowering plant in the aster family, asteraceae.
This erect, ephemeral herb known for its vigorous growth and high fecundity especially in warmer climates is a native of northeast mexico and is endemic in america. Parthenium or gajar ghans is the most common invasive species in india. The weed was first reported in pakistan in the 1980s in the gujarat district of punjab province. The farmers across the three regions spent significant amounts of time on manual and chemical weed control of parthenium weed in the different. Asteraceae is an invasive weed thought to be native to the tropical and subtropical americas, from where it has spread globally to 48 countries. Aster aceae, commonly known as parthenium, is a weed of global signi. Asteraceae is a herbaceous annual of asteraceae family. Parthenium hysterophorus invasion causes changes in aboveground vegetation and belowground soil nutrient contents, disturbing the entire grassland ecosystem in nepal as reported by timsina et al. Cuba y otres antilles, segun suramerica dende venezuela hasta arxentina y uruguai. From its origins in the americas, it has spread to many parts of the world including australia, china and vietnam, india, nepal and southern africa navie et al. Parthenium parthenium hysterophorus is an invasive plant that invades farm and grazing lands, and affects biodiversity, animal and human health, agricultural. Pdf threats of parthenium hysterophorus on agro ecosystems.
These seeds are dispersed by wind, water, animals, vehicles, machinery particularly on harvesters and bulldozers and in clothing. Mature stems are greenish and longitudinally grooved, covered in small stiff hairs and become much branched at maturity. Parthenium hysterophorus reproduces by seeds and is known to be highly prolific, as a single plant produces on average 40 000 seeds dhileepan, 2012. It is suspected to have sneaked into india along with wheat imported from the usa under pl480 scheme some time in early fifties. Parthenium hysterophorus ptnhydocuments eppo global database. Parthenium hysterophorus is a serious invasive weed of pasture systems, reducing pasture productivity 90% evans 1997. Leafeatingbettle, stemgallinginsect, stemgallinginsect mexico australia australia rumexspp. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Sl5 7ta, uk abstract the neotropical composite, parthenium hysterophorus, has achieved major weed status in india and australia within the past few decades. It is regarded as one of the worst weeds in australia because of its invasiveness, potential. The airborne pollen of the south american weed, parthenium hysterophorus american feverfew, accidentally introduced into india was found to he responsible for severe allergic rhinitis. Parthenium hysterophorus family asteraceae commonly called parthenium weed, congress weed, carrot weed or white top, is an invasive alien weed of global. Parthenium hysterophorus was selected as cosubstrate because of its prevalence, abundance and lack. The full text of this article hosted at is unavailable due to technical difficulties.
Introduced in mediterranean, poland, himalayas, china. Distribution of parthenium hysterophorus and one of its. Mar 31, 2020 description of carrot grass parthenium hysterophorus gajar ghas. Parthenium hysterophorus an overview sciencedirect topics. In india, it is locally known as carrot grass, congress grass or gajar ghans. Apfisn is a cooperative alliance of the 33 member countries in the asiapacific forestry. Pdf antibacterial potential in parthenium hysterophorus. Parthenium plant is capable of causing allergic respiratory problems, contact dermatitis, diarrhea, skin allergy, skin rashes excessive water loss, mutagenicity, both in human and livestock.
The result of the survey revealed that a total of 34 out of 55 districts were at high risk of parthenium infestation and 0. Flowers are small and whitish with tiny ray florets at each of the five distinct corners. Evans international institute of biological control, silwood park, ascot, berks. Mar 24, 2014 congress grass, parthenium hysterophorus l. Parthenium include manual uprooting, hoeing, ploughing, burning. In kenya, the weed was first reported in the early 1970s and has. To download the original size of this image, click on the link below. A random clinical survey conducted on 2035 residents of bangalore city with the aid of questionnaires and skin tests revealed that 7. Parthenium pdf parthenium pdf parthenium pdf download. Infestation in western oromiya, ethiopia tarekegn fite 1, hirpa legesse2 and alembrihan marga 1department of entomology, ethiopia 2department of plant science, ethiopia submission. General information about parthenium hysterophorus ptnhy mexico, central america, caribbean, south america. Asteraceae is an invasive weed thought to be native.
The annual herbaceous plant, parthenium hysterophorus l. The name parthenium is derived from either the greek word parthenos, meaning virgin, or parthenion, an ancient name for a plant. Pm100228 eppo a1 and a2 lists of pests recommended for regulation as quarantine pests 2019. Effects and management of parthenium hysterophorus. Parthenium hysterophorus is the seventh noxious alien species distributed in different part of the world. Common names include santamaria, santa maria feverfew, whitetop weed, and famine weed. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Seeds 1 1 seeds of this species are held in cypselas. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes.
Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. View parthenium hysterophorus research papers on academia. Heliantheae, is an erect and much branched annual or ephermeral herb, known for its notorious role as environmental, medical, and agricultural hazards. Yield losses in maize zea mays infested with parthenium. Due to absence of effective natural enemies, their allelopathic properties, their sensitivity to heat and light, they replace local flora and suppress natural diversity in various regions of pakistan. This dangerous plant is known for its negative impact on biodiversity, agriculture and human being. Parthenium hysterophorus is a noxious invasive weed of both agricultural and natural ecosystems, spreading aggressively in nepal. Parthenium hysterophorus in flora of north america. Wilson parthenium weed parthenium hysterophorus flowering seed. It is a common invasive species in india, australia. Pdf parthenium hysterophorus is an annual herbaceous plant native to the tropical. Parthenium hysterophorus is a muchbranched, shortlived, upright, aggressive ubiquitous annual herbaceous plant. It is believed to have been introduced into india and australia from north america and in the last few years the weed has emerged as the seventh most.
Immediate hypersensitivity to parthenium hysterophorus. Documents about parthenium hysterophorus ptnhy number title download. Management of this weed in nepal has been limited, mainly because of the lack of geo. Parthenium hysterophorus the asiapacific forest invasive species network apfisn has been established as a response to the immense costs and dangers posed by invasive species to the sustainable management of forests in the asiapacific region. Parthenium hysterophorus can be used as a flearepellent for dogs. Starr7085630parthenium hysterophorushabit along roadulupalakua ranchmaui 29586047581. It is considered as one of the 100 most invasive species in the world by the iucn generate a print friendly version containing only the sections you need. Parthenium hysterophorus, one of the worlds most dangerous weeds, is responsible for huge losses to the biodiversity, agriculture, economy, and health of livestock and human beings.
Harmful and beneficial aspects of parthenium hysterophorus. Parthenium department of agriculture and fisheries. They are sometimes also spread in mud and contaminated agricultural produce e. Antibacterial potential in parthenium hysterophorus, stevia rebaudiana and ginkgo biloba. Various weed control strategies are being used globally to reduce its population to.
As it matures, the plant develops many branches in its top half and may eventually reach a height of 2 m. Various weed control strategies are being used globally to reduce its population to manageable levels. The allelochemicals obtained from this plant can be exploited as herbicides, insecticides, nematicides, fungicides and. Parthenium weed is a restricted invasive plant under the biosecurity act 2014 it must not be given away, sold, or released into the environment without a permit. Medicinal uses of carrot grass parthenium hysterophorus. In some areas it has become an extremely serious agricultural and rangeland weed. Identification, impacts, and control of ragweed parthenium. Ragweed parthenium parthenium hysterophorus control. Plants profile for parthenium hysterophorus santa maria. Dec 22, 2015 parthenium hysterophorus reproduces by seeds and is known to be highly prolific, as a single plant produces on average 40 000 seeds dhileepan, 2012. Utility potential of parthenium hysterophorus for its. Parthenium hysterophorus santa maria feverfew this plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Naqamte plant health clinic center, department of entomology. Pest risk analysis for parthenium hysterophorus eppo global.
Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Phytochemistry and antimicrobial activity of parthenium. Furthermore, parthenium hysterophorus parthenium weed is an obnoxious, exotic annual weed that occurs in most tropical regions of the world. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. Parthenium hysterophorus asteraceae is an annual plant or shortlived perennial. Manual uprooting of parthenium has proven to be effective in reducing the.
Native to mexico, central and south america, parthenium hysterophorus was accidentally introduced into several countries including australia, india, taiwan and ethiopia. Parthenium hysterophorus is an invasive plant, which was originated in americas and currently invades croplands and noncropped areas with different climatic, edaphic, and geographic conditions in more than 40 countries on five continents adkins and shabbir, 2014. Identification, impacts, and control of ragweed parthenium parthenium hysterophorus l. Ragweed parthenium parthenium hysterophorus control with preemergence and postemergence herbicides krishna n. Anaerobic codigestion of catering food waste utilizing parthenium hysterophorus as cosubstrate for biogas production. Review article effects and management of parthenium. Parthenium hysterophorus in the plant list version 1. Uromycesrumicis gastrophysaviridula plantpathogen beetle usa usa tribulusterrestris. Local name of parthenium hysterophorus is carrot grass, congress grass, gajar ghas etc. Pdf chemical control of parthenium hysterophorus l. Distribution and spread of parthenium weed parthenium hysterophorus l. Parthenium pdf parthenium weed is a weed of national. Some people suffer severe allergic reactions to the plant or its pollen.
Download a highresolution jpeg image of parthenium hysterophorus 241 kb. Parthenium hysterophorus plant causes milk disease in. Pm 920 1 parthenium hysterophorus wiley online library. Dates of introduction australia 1950s in contaminated grass seed department of natural resources, mines and energy 2003. Parthenium hysterophorus is an annual herb that aggressively colonises disturbed sites. High competitive success rate and adaptability of the species enable it to dominate diverse types of habitats. Antimicrobial potential of parthenium hysterophorus linn. An annual exotic alien weed, currently considered one of the seven most dreaded weeds of the world.
Parthenium hysterophorus, enlisted in global invasive species database. Parthenium hysterophorus is a hazardous weed which causes harm to biodiversity, natural plant ecosystems, humans and livestock. Pdf antimicrobial potential of parthenium hysterophorus. Pdf phytoanalysis of parthenium hysterophorus l root, stem. Parthenium weed parthenium hysterophorus reproduces by large numbers of seed. Parthenium hysterophorus has been a target for classical biological control in australia since the mid1970s and 11 biological control. The act requires everyone to take all reasonable and practical steps to minimise the risks associated with invasive plants and animals under their control. Parthenium weed parthenium hysterophorus department of the. Parthenium hysterophorus plant causes milk disease in livestock and also responsible for. Parthenium hysterophorus belong to the family of asteracea. Burke field and greenhouse experiments were conducted during 2005 and 2006 at stoneville, ms, to determine control of. Aug 01, 2011 the annual herbaceous plant, parthenium hysterophorus l.
Parthenium hysterophorus is an aggressive ubiquitous annual herbaceous weed with no economic importance unravelled till now. Asteraceae parthenium, has been a major weed of global significance for several decades, with wideranging impacts on agriculture, biodiversity conservation, and human and animal health. Parthenium is a genus of north american shrubs in the sunflower tribe within the daisy family the name parthenium is derived from either the greek word parthenos, meaning virgin, or parthenion, an ancient name for a plant parthenium or gajar ghans is the most common invasive species in india. Despite this, in 2003, south africa became the first african country and only the third country worldwide to implement a biological control.
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